It advances on a bunch of ideas from different places, takes them a bit further.
I think the primary differences are in the level of execution - parallax rather than drop shadows, fully scaling UI elements rather than just drop down, or slide out. Material radial blur rather than aero transparency. Highlighting instead of cursors and selection.
It's like a bunch of existing design ideas, sort of polished and taken to the next level. Like everything already 2.0. Of course everything else took its inspiration from windows more or less - animations, drop shadows on windows, icons on the desktop. Android is basically derived from windows.
But its time windows was ontop again, design wise.
It's really well thought out from a design perspective, the inspiration from nature, the smooth transitioning. Keen to see it in action!