...on my iPhone, I could display the percentage next to the battery icon, any way to do that on WP8?
As noted above, not in the status line. The apps already mentioned, as well as the Battery Saver app in Settings, will all show you the percentage of battery left.
The philosophy of Windows Phone is pretty much "stop worrying and let the system take care of things." That's why status bar icons disappear from view except when they have something exceptional to tell you (no signal, low battery, etc). That's why there's no task manager (because tasks don't need to be managed). That's why there's no quick-access WiFi on/off switch (just leave it on and let the system manage things).
It takes a while to get used to this way of not actively having to do things to make the phone work. That "while" is probably longer for the former Android users because they are typically used to doing a lot more and thus have to let go of a lot more administrative duties than iPhone do. (As a former Windows Mobile user, it was hard on me, too. But I have accepted not pulling my battery frequently and not flashing new ROMs every few weeks to get new features.)