Actually, awhile ago they were embedding "no desktop" into the url automatically if you used IE on the phone even on desktop mode. If you removed the auto injected code the page would load fine both in desktop mode or mobile mode.
So I can totally understand where the OP is coming from.
However it does look the android version and Edge UI look almost on par, going to check myself and will post results.
Edit: Yup, even on ios its the same so looks like a widespread change:
Microsoft Edge:
View attachment 109081
Iphone:
View attachment 109082
Couldn't get hold of a Android phone, so checked my cousin's iphone instead.