Not only would you have to upload stuff to Onedrive twice but you would in effect have TwoDrive (That don't talk to each other without an awful lot of work).
I have a phone, Surface, laptop, desktop and Xbox One, they all share the same account and all work as an integrated unit so for example I take a picture on my phone, this gets sent to OneDrive, it is viewable on all the other devices including on my telly via the Xbox One, another example, if I do a word document it is viewable and editable across all devices, I have an Xbox Music pass, any music I add to my collection is downloaded to each device.
There is nothing to stop you doing it with two accounts, but you effectively end up as two people with different email addresses and very little integration, and if you actually want extra email addresses you can always do this anyway.