To put it as simply as I can, all those features make for a complicated, unintuitive phone experience. It takes a lot of work to get a lot of those features right, and doing them poorly will make your product a failure.
That is why Windows Mobile failed. By all accounts, it was a much more capable OS than iPhone OS was in 2007/2008, but because it was complicated and difficult to use, it failed. Microsoft decided to start with less features and do them exceptionally well, then add features over time, and also do them exceptionally well, when it started its new OS. Since they realized that the consumer market was where the money was, especially with more companies going BYOD, so they went with features that were more important to consumers. Your average consumer thinks Facebook integration is cool and doesn't care if they can attach a PDF to an email. They care more about a good browser than separate volume controls (I would like those for the record)
I really can't think of a ton of features that Windows Mobile had that Windows Phone lacks. More file types for email attachments, separate volume controls, and what else? They both have customizable home screens that provide a variety of info at a glance. Both have multi-tasking (different approaches, but both have it). Both have touch screens. Most users don't need different ringer profiles, most are fine putting it on vibrate when they don't want sound and don't need different ring tones at work than they do in private. File managers and making playlists are tedious to use on phones and most people do not use them when they are present. Almost every feature you listed is a niche feature that most people do not use. Microsoft wanted to make an OS that would be great for the majority of people out of the box, not an OS that could be everything to everyone. If you need that level of personalization on a phone, get and stick with Android. It is much closer to WM than WP is. I disliked WM and I dislike using Android. Believe it or not, a lot of people want a phone to be SIMPLE, not complicated. The only reason Android is number one is it undercuts iOS on price and beat Windows Phone to market. If Android and Windows Phone had come to market the same day, Windows Phone would have slaughtered Android because it offer an experience that, for your general consumer, is vastly superior.