Have you enabled location services? If it is only with the weather tiles then it's really new to me.
Go to battery saver and check that weather apps are allowed in the background and ensure that battery saver is set to "When the battery gets low".
Yes location services are enabled. But now it's not just the weather apps, the WPC app also doesn't refresh. Everything is enabled in the settings. I also did a hard reset but nothing has changed.
My live tiles and any other background process (main account sync included) stop after disconnecting phone from charge. Is this your case? I've solved disconnecting while rebooting.