Not according to the Windows Phone Blog. The chassis and buttons are aluminum, the battery cover is plastic.
Oh, there are plenty of preview articles out there that state the same thing but I think that comes from the ambiguous wording in the initial official specs of the ATIV S. If you look at the official specifications page now, you can only see mention of "premium metallic hairline finish". There's also the fact that a full aluminium chassis is detrimental to the antenna performance, even iPhone 5 has those breaks in it's chassis to overcome this problem.
The chassis certainly looks like an aluminium chassis in the official renderings,
but in the real life it looks a way different. It looks more like a chrome finish if you ask me.
