It happened to me after update a few weeks ago. I read somewhere it has something to do with ‘Device encryption’ setting. I have it on off these days and I don’t have problems with that anymore.
can you still use the phone?
I had this happen on my tablet the other day. Had to look up the bitlocker key to boot back into it. It is part of the encryption, but I'm not exactly certain what triggers it. I believe it ties into several things secure boot/partitioning/bitlocker encryption.
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My tablet has a USB c port and it supports otg. I hooked up my usb C to usb A otg cable with a hub, keyboard and mouse. This allowed me to make the entries...Not sure if you could with your phone, but next time it happens you could try if needed.But on the phone I can't see where there would be a way to enter a key had I looked for one.