re:
I actually did have this problem way back when I upgraded from Windows 7 to Windows 8.1. No problems going from 8.1 to 10, as they have the same memory management and access methods. Windows 7 accesses memory differently than Windows 8.1 and 10.
Ran for 2 years with Windows 7 without a problem on my 2x8GB RAM. Installed 8.1, and started getting BSOD on boot. I later learned that some of my files that I copied from one storage drive to another as a backup copy were corrupted. Not all, but a few. I only discovered that by running a byte compare program as I was searching for issues and solutions.
Memtest ran for 48 hours without a single error on either module singularly or in any configuration.
However, be advised that Memtest does not find every type of memory error. If it does find an error, be assured you have a faulty module, but be advised, it tests them one at a time, so when you have a problem that only appears with both modules, it may not find it.
Windows Memory Diagnostics, however, did find problems with the RAM.
You'll find that memory modules need to be properly paired, and sometimes places that build computers for you are not as diligent as they should be on making sure of that, and they may install modules that won't necessarily be meant for each other. Just because they were installed together by the builder doesn't mean the manufacturer of the RAM certified those two modules to actually be used together. They may have taken 2 singles to put in your machine because they were out of "pairs" that day.
Windows 10 will sometimes place the data "interleaved" between the 2 modules to speed up loading, whereas Windows 7 didn't really do that so much.
Windows 10 comes with it's own memory diagnostic that you need to run. Start Cortana and do a search for Windows Memory Diagnostic. It's a Desktop App, and you'll have to do a restart to run it, as it, like Memtest, needs to run while the OS is shut down. Run it with both sticks installed.
Let us know the results of that test, please.
FYI, I called Corsair, gave them the results of the test, and they sent me new memory right away (both sticks) and sent me a shipping label to return the old sticks after receiving the new. Didn't cost me a dime with their lifetime warranty.